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Prof. Amitava Adak,
Assistant Professor, Department of Physics,
IIT(ISM) Dhanbad.

PhD from TIFR Mumbai

Research Interests:
Extreme Laser-Plasma Interactions, High Harmonic Generation, X-ray Science, Attoscience and Ultrafast Optics.

Email: amitavaadak@iitism.ac.in
Office no: 0326-223-5382

Mob: +91 9800038463

Office Room: 608/B, Department of Physics, Academic Complex

Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yCCQWlcAAAAJ&hl=en

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0687-2830

SCOPUS: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=55279838700

IIT(ISM) Dhanbad faculty profile: https://iitism.irins.org/profile/156452

Research Statement From The Group Leader

From the time of its invention, laser has always been a wonderful tool to look into matter. On the other hand, an intense laser can be used to create other extreme states of matter such as plasma, warm dense matter etc. I have been working on various aspects of high intensity laser-matter interactions for more than a decade. One of the key area of my interest is efficient generation and transport of intense laser-driven fast electrons [1-5], which is experimentally challenging and fundamentally important for the applications in laser fusion study [6], ultrafast electron microscope [7], radiobiology and radiotherapy [8] etc. On the other hand, using high intensity femtosecond lasers, we experimentally create scaled version of astrophysical objects (high-energy-density states) and study their ultrafast dynamics and associated giant magnetic fields in real-time [9]. We also discovered the THz acoustic phenomena in the hot solid density plasma for the first time [10]. Study of intense femtosecond laser driven shock dynamics in hot dense plasma is another unique feature of our research. We have figured out how to control such shockwaves [11] and therefore it may open up new possibilities to shock treatment of cancer cells [12] or to generate coherent THz radiation of tuneable frequency by launching a shockwave into a polarizable crystal [13]. In a relatively recent fundamental study, absorption of a near-relativistic intensity high contrast laser by a fused silica target is extensively explored [14]. This study is fundamentally important for the application in plasma mirror at near-relativistic intensities and in laser energy coupling for target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) for proton acceleration. TNSA is one of the backbone to the modern proton therapy for cancer treatment [15]. Using intense femtosecond laser, we also generate coherent extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photons by high harmonic generation (HHG) process and use it in EUV nanometrology to characterize thermal and acoustic disturbance in meta-lattices at nano-scales [16,17], ultrafast carrier and structural dynamics in warm dense nano-membrane etc. These kinds of studies are of high demand in R&D sector of semiconductor industries. Furthermore, we also investigate the ultrafast nonlinear studies on high power optics [18], which is very important in laser and optics industries and also extremely important for all the studies related to high power laser matter interactions. Currently, we are also investigating on high contrast high power short-pulse laser channelling and filamentation dynamics in air. This investigation will have direct relevance in lightning control project [19].   Currently, we are also exploring multinational collaborative experimental proposal in the Joint Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) . Here, we should get the opportunity to use PW (10^15 W) laser beam-line of ELI Romania and study ultra-relativistic heating of electrons by localized PW lasers fields at nanostructures and its applications in bright gamma ray and high energetic particle (electrons, positrons, protons, ions) production. Especially, bright gamma-rays over 10 MeV are investigated as potential new approaches for several applications such as radio isotope production, nuclear transmutation via photon absorption at investigation of the giant resonance of the nucleus.   Very recently, I have also received the SERB SRG grant for pursuing the Study of Strongly Coupled Non-Ideal Plasma States of Carbon at Extreme Conditions. The study of strongly coupled plasma states of carbon (liquid/WDM/HDM) will not only be important for scientific curiosity but also for the relevance in modelling of both terrestrial and astrophysical systems, picosecond optoelectronic switch, and controlled manufacturing of emerging carbon nanomaterials. I have also received a FRS grant at IIT (ISM) Dhanbad to study intense laser ablation dynamics for green synthesis of nanomaterials for biomedicine, bio-imaging and environmental applications.   In future, I also wish to explore the frontier area of high harmonic generation (HHG) and its applications in (i) time resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy for the study of ultrafast carrier and structural dynamics in solid, warm dense matter and plasma, (ii) ultrafast x-ray imaging, (iii) ultrafast magnetics and, (iv) atto-science.   Therefore, it is clearly evident that my past research, recent activities and future research outline not only probe the fundamental questions of intense laser-plasma interactions/dynamics but also have direct relevance and future scope in industries, technological advancements and social benefits. -------- Prof. Amitava Adak, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, IIT(ISM) Dhanbad. References: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ [1] A. Adak et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 109, 174101 (2016). [2] I. Dey et al. Optics Express 24, 28419-28432 (2016). [3] G. Cristoforetti et al. Scientific Reports 7, 1-8 (2017). [4] D. Sarkar et al APL Photonics 2, 066105 (2017) [5] D. Sarkar et al. Appl. Phys. B 126, 151 (2020). [6] https://www.science.org/content/article/laser-fusion-reactor-approaches-burning-plasma-milestone [7] S. Sun et al. Structural Dynamics 7, 064301 (2020). [8] R. Polanek et al. Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A 987 (2021) 164841. [9] G. Chatterjee et al. Nature Communications 8, 1-5 (2017). [10] A. Adak et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 115001 (2015). [11] A. Adak et al. Phys. Plasmas 24, 072702 (2017). [12] M. O. Steinhauser et al. Soft Matter, 2014, 10, 4778. [13] E. J. Reed et al., Materials today 10, 44 (2007). [14] A. Adak et al. Plasma Phys.Control. Fusion 63, 094004 (2021). [15] https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2022/03/23/laser-proton-cancer-treatment/ [16] Joshua L. Knobloch et al. Structural and Elastic Properties of Empty-Pore Metalattices Extracted Via Nondestructive Coherent Extreme UV Scatterometry and Electron Tomography, ACS AMI (2022) in press. [17] B. McBennett et al.  A universal behavior of heat flow in nanoscale silicon metastructures, Manuscript in prep. [18] G. Gui et al.  Optics Express 29, 4947-4957 (2021). [19] T. Produit et al. Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 10504 (2021).

Nanosecond Laser Plasma Interaction

At Laboratory for Laser Plasma Interaction (LLPI),  we are interested in fundamental science as well as applications of intense nanosecond (10^-9 s) laser plasma interaction. A few areas of interest are Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL) and green synthesis of nanoparticles for medicinal applications, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for material characterization, Time resolved imaging of intense laser plasma dynamics etc.

 

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Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL) and green synthesis of nanoparticles

In this process, an intense short pulse laser with high peak power is focused on to a solid target plate immersed inside a liquid medium. The energy from the laser beam is transferred to the target rapidly resulting in extreme plasma conditions (temperature ~ 1000s of Kelvin and pressure ~ 10s of GPa). Subsequently a plasma plume is formed and it evolves rapidly inside the liquid medium. The surrounding liquid confines the plasma while also taking part in chemical reaction with  the species at the liquid-solid interface. 
A shock wave is created by adiabatic expansion of the plasma inside the liquid medium, causes extra pressure and rapid increase in temperature, builds a unique thermodynamic state. Due to the rapid energy transfer by the plasma to the surrounding liquid, cavitation bubbles form. The detailed dynamics of the formation, growth and collapsing of cavitation bubbles (releasing nanoparticles) depends on the various laser parameters, solvent conditions and other ambient parameters such as external electric fields, solvent temperature etc.

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Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of materials. It is a kind of atomic emission spectroscopy where a highly intense laser pulse is used to ablate the surface of the material. During the interaction process, atoms are excited and a plasma plume is formed. As the plasma cool downs, atoms decay to the respective ground states, with emission of characteristic wavelengths. These wavelengths are ‘unique fingerprint’ for each element, and therefore, LIBS can be used as an effective method for quantitative and qualitative study of material composition. In our laboratory, we are planning to develop such setup in near future.

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Femtosecond Laser Plasma Interaction

At Laboratory for Laser Plasma Interaction (LLPI),  we are interested in fundamental science as well as applications of intense femtosecond (10^-15 s) laser plasma interaction... 

 

[This webpage is still under construction]

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Study of Warm Dense Matter 

The investigation of the strongly coupled plasma states such as warm-dense-matter (WDM) and hot-dense matter (HDM) is of great interest because of their relevance in (a) the structure and the dynamics in stars, core of giant planets and other extra-terrestrial bodies, (b) fusion sciences for green energy production, (c) the fundamental understanding of various extreme states for technology applications, (d) ultrafast phase transition dynamics, and (e) laboratory astrophysics. This area of research rapidly progressed in last few decades, particularly after the discovery of short pulse laser generation technology of chirped-pulse-amplification (CPA) for which Donna Strickland and Gérard Mourou received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018. Strongly coupled plasmas are states of ionized matter where neither of the thermal or Coulomb interactions can be treated as perturbation to other. Therefore, their properties are very much different than usual solids or ideal plasmas. In these extreme states of matter, the ions cease to have their long-range order and the electrons are fully or partially degenerate. The quantum effects become important in strongly coupled plasmas unlike high temperature ideal plasmas where they are usually neglected. The study of strongly coupled plasma states of materials (liquid/WDM/HDM) are not only important for scientific curiosity but also for the relevance in modelling of both terrestrial and astrophysical systems, picosecond optoelectronic switch, and manufacturing of emerging materials.

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Laboratory for Laser Plasma Interaction (LLPI), Department of Physics, IIT (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand-826004, India

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